Review of European Administrative Law (REALaw)
2024 / 2 (juli) 1
Article
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The Quasi-Judicial Role of National Competent Authorities: an Ambiguity that the Principle of Effective Judicial Protection could help address?
Keywords: Asylum seeker, mass influx of foreigners, emergency situation, mobility restriction, temporary accommodation without the right to free movement, detention, alternative to detention measure.
Abstract
The article discusses the emerging quasi-judicial role of Member States’ authorities competent for the enforcement of EU law at the national level. In various sectors, EU legislation entrusts these entities with tasks of dispute settlement, enforcement and protection of individuals’ rights and interests, along with investigative and corrective powers, and safeguards of independence akin to those of national courts. At the same time, however, the EU legislator and the Court of Justice have not explicitly acknowledged the quasi-judicial role that these authorities are called to perform. In this view, the article argues that the absence of explicit recognition of that role undermines the effective judicial protection of individuals’ rights under EU law. It calls for a clear and direct acknowledgment of this role to improve the procedural guarantees for individuals seeking remedies from these entities.
To develop that argument, Section 2 starts by exploring how Member States’ competent authorities have acquired quasi-judicial features through an analysis of EU sectoral legislation, emphasising the increasing alignment with judicial bodies in terms of independence and responsibilities. Subsequently, Section 3 examines the reasons impeding the formal recognition of the quasi-judicial status of these authorities within EU legislation. It addresses the Court of Justice’s cautious stance on the nature of their functions. This section concludes by calling for the recognition of their quasi-judicial role based on the principle of effective judicial protection, aiming to address the ambiguity surrounding their role and enhance legal certainty within the EU legal framework.
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